Roll type rock crusher



y 30, 17967 H. J. MILLER 3,322,357

ROLL TYPE ROCK CRUSHER Filed Nov. 18, 1963 5 Sheetsfiheet l INVENTOR. HAROLD J. MILLER ATTORNEYS May 30, 1967 H. .1. MILLER 7 ROLL TYPE ROCK CRUSHER Filed Nov. 18, 1963 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 3

INVEINTOR HAROLD J. MILLER ROLL TYPE ROCK CRUSHER Filed Nov. 18, l963 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG.

INVENTOR HAROLD J. MILLER 30, 1967 H. J. MILLER 3,322,357

ROLL TYPE ROCK CRUSHER Filed NOV. 18, 1965 5 Sheets$heet 4 FIG. 5

INVENTOR. HAROLD J- MILLER MMa-EZ ATTORNEYS y 30, 1967 H. J. MILLER ROLL TYPE ROCK CRUSHER 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 18, 1965 FIGS I T l svs United States Patent Ofifice 3,322,357 Patented May 30, 1967 3,322,357 RQLL TYPE ROCK CRUSHER Harold J. Miller, Galion, Ohio, assignor, by mesne assignments, to Harsco Corporation, Harrisburg, Pa. Filed Nov. 18, 1963, Ser. No. 324,328 18 Claims. (Cl. 241-432) This invention relates to crushing machines and particularly to a roll type crusher for rock or other hard materials.

In general, the apparatus of the present invention comprises a box type frame means fabricated from heavy steel plate material, the top wall of the frame being provided with an intake opening for the introduction of the material to be crushed and the bottom wall of the frame being provided with an opening for discharging the crushed material.

A pair of confronting laterally yieldable crusher rolls are journaled on shafts mounted between the side Walls with the confronting peripheries of the two rolls being positioned below said intake opening whereby the material being introduced passes between the rotating crusher rolls and is thereby fragmented.

As one aspect of the present invention one of the roll supporting shafts is stationary with respect to the frame means and the other r011 supporting shaft is yieldably mounted in a unique manner in that it is mounted between and supported by a torque plate and shaft assembly, said assembly being pivotally mounted on the side walls of the frame means. Two shaft supporting torque plates of the assembly are rigidly connected by a transverse torque member such that the two torque plates pivot precisely together thereby maintaining accurate parallelism between the longitudinal axes of the crusher rolls when the movable roll yields away from the stationary roll responsive to the passage of material between the roll peripheries.

As another aspect of the present invention, the crushing apparatus includes a novel gear type driving means that functions with the previously mentioned torque assembly to provide for the constant meshing of conventional involute type gears notwithstanding the yieldable characteristics of the crusher rolls. This eliminates the necessity of driving with star gears or chains and thereby results in longer life and quieter operation.

As still another aspect of the present invention the previously described torque assembly is provided with novel adjusting mechanism for establishing and varying the inter-roll spacing and yieldability resistance of the crusher rolls.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an improved roll type crushing apparatus incorporating relatively yieldable crushing rolls the axes of rotation of which are maintained precisely parallel during the passage of material between the roll peripheries.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a machine of the type described that incorporates a novel gear type driving means for the crusher rolls that is adapted to function in conjunction with and serve in part as a mounting means for the previously described torque assembly.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein a preferred form of embodiment of the invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a crushing machine constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top elevational view of the crushing machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial top sectional view of the crushing r crusher roll machine of the present invention, the section being taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a drive shaft comprising a portion of the driving mechanism of the crushing machine of the present invention, the section being taken along the line 44 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an idler shaft comprising a portion of the driving mechanism of the crushing machine of the present invention, the section being taken along the line 5-5 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a partial plan view, partially in section, of a floating shaft seal construction comprising a portion of the apparatus of the preceding figures; and

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a torque plate and shaft assembly utilized for yieldably mounting one of the crusher rolls of the apparatus of the present invention.

Referring in detail to the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a roll type crushing machine constructed in accordance with the present invention which comprises a frame means indicated generally at that includes spaced side members which may be in the form of side walls 22 and 24, a top wall 26 provided with a material intake opening 28, and a bottom wall 30 provided with a material outlet opening 32.

Referring next to FIG. 2 and the sectional views of 3 and 4, side walls 22 and 24 of the frame means support two shaft means 36 and 38 on which are mounted two crusher rolls indicated generally at 40 and 42.

As seen in FIG. 3, the axis of rotation of crusher roll 40 formed by shaft means 36 is stationary with respect to frame means 20.

The other crusher roll 42 and the shaft 38 on which it is mounted, are moveable relative to frame means 20 as shown in detail in FIGS. 4 and 7 to permit lateral yielding of crusher roll 42 relative to its stationary counterpart crusher roll 40. Such lateral yielding permits the material to be crushed to pass through a variable gap 44 between the peripheries 46 and 48 of the crusher rolls.

With particular reference to FIGS. 4 and 7, a moveable mounting means for crusher roll 42 and its shaft means 38 is formed by a torque plate and rod assembly indicated generally at St) and best seen in isolated relationship in the perspective view of FIG. 7. The torque assembly 50 comprises torque plates 52 and 54 mounted on each side of the frame means, each of the torque plates being pivotally mounted on a respective end of an idler gear shaft 56-A.

Torque assembly 50 further includes a torque rod or tube 66, FIGS. 1, 2, and 7, which rigidly connects torque plates 52 and 54 eccentric of their pivots and thereby assures that they pivot precisely together.

Referring particularly to FIGS. 1 through 4, movable crusher roll 42 is constantly biased towards stationary 4G by compression springs 64 interposed on each side of the frame between stationary flanges 66 and spring retainers 68, the latter being secured to the left ends of crusher roll return rods 70.

The right ends of roll return rods 70 are pivotally attached to the lower ends of torque plates 52 and 54 by means of ball shaped rod ends '72 that fit pivotally into sockets 74 formed by a bracket 76, the latter forming part of the torque plate assembly 50.

As best seen in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the gap 44 between the peripheries of crusher rolls 4i) and 42 is established by an adjustable stop screw 84 carried by a frame bracket 82 and provided with a lock nut 84.

Reference is next made to FIG. 3 which illustrates in detail a stationary mounting means that supports stationary crusher roll 40 on its respective shaft 36. This mounting means comprises a roll frame member 88 that carries a roller bearing 90, a reduced diameter end 92 of shaft 36 being extended through a central collar 94 of the bearing 91). Roll frame member 83 further mounts a driven gear 96 attached to member 88 by a plurality of studs 98.

The extreme ends of shaft 36 are mounted to the side walls, FIG. 3, by bosses 160 secured to the side walls at welds 102.

A removable shaft retaining plate 104 mounted on the bosses is provided with a shaft retaining bolt. Shaft retaining plate 104 is also provided with a hole that provides access to grease fitting 105 and passages 108 and 110 which lead to a grease chamber 112.

With continued reference to FIG. 3, a rotary seal plate is provided about an annular bearing retaining flange portion 124 of collar frame member 33 and is engaged by a resilient seal ring 128 mounted in an annular groove formed in a seal ring mounting plate 131).

Reference is next made to FIG. 4 which illustrates a mounting and sealing arrangement for a roll frame member 82 of the other crusher roll 42 similar to the FIG. 3 mechanism just described in connection with stationary crusher roll 40. Here again it will be seen that a reduced diameter end 134 of shaft means 38 extends through an inner collar 94 of a bearing 91) and an annular bearing supporting cup portion 124 of the roll frame member surrounds the bearing assembly and forms a lubrication chamber 112. Also, a driven gear 96A is secured to the crusher roll frame member 82 by a plurality of studs 98.

A dust seal plate 120 surrounds bearing supporting cup portion 124 and engages a resilient seal element 128 mounted in a groove formed in a material isolation wall means 130. Resilient wiper element 128 is protected by an annular metal ring 144 mounted to material isolation wall means 130 by a sealing band retainer 146 secured to plate 130 'by a plurality of studs 148.

Referring again to FIG. 4, a roll frame 82 includes an annular radial flange 150 provided with a tapered outer surface 152 that fits into a tapered inner surface 154 formed in the end of crusher roll 42.

The roll mount and seal assembly of FIG. 4 differs from that of FIG. 3 in that it must provide for the shifting of the axis of rotation of roller 42 and provide a sealing means between the outer ends 169 of shaft 38 and slots 162, the latter being provided in the side walls to permit shifting of shaft 38 relative to the frame means.

The mechanism for achieving the seal at each end of shaft 33, FIG. 4, comprises an annular inner sealing plate 164 provided with protrusions 166 that ride in grooves 168 formed in a gear mounting plate 170. A retainer nut 172 is mounted on a threaded portion 174 of shaft 38 and a spring 176 is operatively interposed between inner seal plate 164 and iannular outer seal plate 180, the latter being provided with an annular resilient wiper element 182 that engages inner surface 184 of side wall 24.

With continued reference to FIG. 4, the outer reduced diameter portions of shaft means 38 are inserted into inwardly facing bosses 138 mounted to torque plate 52 by a plurality of studs 1%.

It should be pointed out that although FIGS. 4 and 3 each show only one of the sealing structures for shaft means 36 and 38, the other ends of the shaft means, not illustrated, are provided with substantially similar sealing structures.

For purposes of describing the driving mechanism for the crushing machine reference is next made to FIGS. 1, 5, and 6 wherein it will be seen that a drive shaft 260 is mounted between side walls 22 and 24 by means of bearing and seal assemblies indicated generally at 262 and 204.

The left end of drive shaft 20%, FIG. 1, carries a pulley 206 secured to the drive shaft at a key and key way 208 and a drive gear 210 is keyed to the drive shaft at a key and key way 212, FIG. 5.

It should be pointed out that drive gear 210, and the associated idler and roller gear to be described later herein, are isolated from the interior of the machine by a material isolation plate 214. A shaft seal 216 provided with a resilient annular wiper element 218 is mounted on material isolation plate 214 by a plurality of studs 220, said seal serving to prevent the passage of dust from the inner chamber of the machine to a gear chamber 222.

Referring particularly to F165. 1 and 6, the previously mentioned crusher roll gears 96 and 96-A are respectively driven by idler gears 230 annd 23fl-A, said gears being in mesh with each other as seen in FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 illustrates, in enlarged relationship, the idler shaft and gear assembly arrangement provided for each of the two idler gears 2311 annd 230-A. Here it will be seen that in the case of idler shaft 56A, which is the only shaft that forms the pivots for torque plate assembly 51), bosses 234 form pivotal bearings for retainer bushings 236 to which are bolted the previously described torque plates 52 and 54, FIG. 7, by means of a plurality of studs 238. The other idler shaft 56 does not require bosses 234.

With reference to FIG. 6, each of the idler gears 230 and 230A are freely rotatably mounted on their respective idler shafts by roller bearing assemblies 242 that include inner bearing collars 244 retained against rotation on the shaft by keys and key ways 246.

It should be mentioned that wiper seal assemblies 216 are provided between idler shafts 56 and 56A and material isolation wall 214.

In operation, pulley 206 is driven by a suitable motor, not illustrated, whereby drive gear 210 on drive shaft 200 rotates in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 1.

This rotates idler gear 230 in a counterclockwise direction which in turn rotates roll gear 96 in a clockwise direction.

At the same time the other idler gear 230-A is rotated in a clockwise direction by idler gear 230 with the result that the other roll gear 96-A is rotated in a counterclockwise direction.

In view of the above, it will be understood that the confronting peripheries 46 and 48 of the two crusher rolls are caused to move downwardly as viewed in FIG. 1 and thereby draw the material to be crushed between the rolls. The peripheries of the rolls are preferably serrated as illustrated at 46 and 48 to more effectively feed and fracture the material.

As the material passes between the rolls, it is crushed. They yield apart only when uncrushable material enters the rolls the magnitude of such yielding being dependent upon the physical characteristics and size of the uncrushable particles. The force exerted by the particles passing between the rolls shifts torque plate assembly 50, and removeable crusher roll 42 mounted thereon, towards the right or in a counterclockwise direction, FIG. 1, about the pivot for the torque plate assembly formed by idler shaft 56.

As yieldable roll 42 moves away from stationary roll 40, the former is pressure biased towards the latter by means of the previously described crusher roll return springs 64.

When it is desired to increase or decrease the roll return pressure exerted by springs 64 the pairs of lock nuts 260 are adjusted longitudinally along threaded portions 262 at the ends of the roller return shafts 70.

When it is desired to adjust the normal gap 44, FIG. 3, between the crusher rolls the roll return stop screws 80 are actuated to preset the normal minimum gap.

After the material passes between the rolls it is released through the bottom opening 32 in the lower wall of the frame means.

While the form of embodiment of the present invention as herien disclosed consitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow:

I claim:

1. A crushing machine comprising, in combination, frame means including spaced side members provided with slots, a top material intake opening, and a bottom material outlet opening; a stationary crusher roll rotatably mounted between said side members; torque means including a right arm portion pivotally mounted on one of said side members, a left arm portion pivotally mounted on the other of said side members, and a connecting portion forming a rigid connection between outer ends of said arm portions; shaft means mounted between said arm portions eccentric of said pivotal mountings and extending through said slots; a yieldable crusher roll rotatably mounted on said shaft means; and means for biasing said yieldable crusher roll towards said stationary crusher roll.

2. The crushing machine defined in claim 1 that includes adjustable stop means for said yieldable crusher roll that provides means for varying the normal spacing between the peripheries of said crusher rolls.

3. A crushing machine comprising, in combination, frame means including spaced side members provided with slots, a top material intake opening, and a bottom material outlet opening; a stationary crusher roll rotatably mounted between said side members; torque means including a right arm portion pivotally mounted on one of said side members, a left arm portion pivotally mounted on the other of said side members, and a connecting portion forming a rigid connection between outer ends of said arm portions; crusher roll shaft means extended freely through said slots and including ends supported by said portions; a yieldable crusher roll on said crusher roll shaft means; a material isolation wall means spaced inwardly from one of said side members; a crusher roll gear drivingly connected to said yieldable crusher roll, said gear being disposed between said isolation wall means and said one side member; an inner seal plate surrounding said crusher roll shaft means and in sliding sealed engagement with the outer surface of said isolation wall means; and an outer seal plate surrounding said crusher roll shaft means and in sliding engagement with the inner surface of said one side member.

4. The crushing machine defined in claim 3 that includes adjustable stop means for said yieldable crusher roll that provides means for varying the normal spacing between the peripheries of said crusher rolls.

5. A crushing machine comprising, in combination, frame means including spaced side members provided with slots, end walls and a top wall including an opening for the introduction of material to be crushed; a first shaft means mounted between said spaced side members; a first crusher roll mounted on said first shaft means; a first torque member pivotally mounted on one of said side members; a second torque member pivotally mounted on the other of said side members; a second shaft means mounted between said torque members eccentric of the pivotal axis of said torque members, said second shaft means being extended through said slots; a second crusher roll mounted on said second shaft means; 'a torque rod rigidly connected between said two torque members; and driving means for said shaft means.

6. The crushing machine defined in claim 5 that includes spring means for biasing said second crusher roll towards said first crusher roll; and means for varying the force exerted by said spring means.

7. The crushing machine defined in claim 5 that includes adjustable stop means for said yieldable crusher roll that provides means for varying the normal spacing between the peripheries of said crusher rolls.

8. A crushing machine comprising, in combination, frame means including spaced side members provided with slots, end walls and a top wall including an opening for the introduction of material to be crushed; a first shaft means mounted between said spaced side members; a first crusher roll mounted on said first shaft means; a first torque member pivotally mounted on one of said side members; a second torque member pivotally mounted on the other of said side members; a second shaft means mounted between said torque members eccentric of the pivotal axis of said torque members, said second shaft means being extended through said slots; a second crusher roll mounted on said second shaft means; a material isolation wall means spaced inwardly from one of said side members; a torque rod rigidly connected between said two torque members; driving means for said shaft means; a crusher roll gear drivingly connected to said second crusher roll, said gear being disposed between said isolation wall means and said one side member; an inner seal plate surrounding said second shaft means and in sliding sealed engagement with the outer surface of said isolation wall means; and an outer seal plate surrounding said second shaft means and in sliding engagement with the inner surface of said one side member.

9. The crushing machine defined in claim 8 that includes spring means for biasing said second crusher roll towards said first crusher roll; and means for varying the force exerted by said spring means.

10. The crushing machine defined in claim 8 that includes adjustable stop means for said yieldable crusher roll that provides means for varying the normal spacing between the peripheries of said crusher rolls.

11. A crushing machine comprising, in combination, frame means including spaced side members provided with slots, end walls and a top wall including an opening for the introduction of material to be crushed; a first shaft means mounted between said spaced side members; a first crusher roll mounted on said first shaft means; a first crusher roll gear in driving engagement with said first crusher roll; a first torque member pivotally mounted on one of said side members; a second torque member pivotally mounted on the other of said side members; a second shaft means mounted between said torque members eccentric of the pivotal axis of said torque members and extended through said slots; a second crusher roll mounted on said second shaft means; a second crusher roll gear in driving engagement with said second crusher roll; drive shaft means including a drive gear; a first idler gear in mesh with said drive gear and said first crusher roll gear; and a second idler gear mounted for rotation about the pivotal axis of said torque members and in mesh with said first idler gear and said second crusher roll gear.

12. The crushing machine defined in claim 11 that includes spring means for biasing said second crusher roll towards said first crusher roll; and means for varying the force exerted by said spring means.

13. The crushing machine defined in claim 11 that includes adjustable stop means for said yieldable crusher roll that provides means for varying the normal spacing between the peripheries of said crusher rolls.

14. A crushing machine comprising, in combination, frame means including spaced side members, end walls and a top wall including an opening for the introduction of material to be crushed; a first shaft means mounted between said spaced side members; a first crusher roll mounted on said first shaft means; a first crusher roll gear in driving engagement with said first crusher roll; a second crusher roll gear in driving engagement with said second crusher roll; a material isolation wall means spaced inwardly from one of said side members; drive shaft means including a drive gear; a first idler gear in mesh with said drive gear and said first crusher roll gear; a second idler gear in mesh with said first idler gear and said second crusher roll gear; an inner seal plate surrounding said second shaft means and in sliding sealed engagement with the outer surface of said isolation wall means; and an outer seal plate surrounding said second shaft means and in sliding sealed engagement with the inner surface of said one side member.

15. The crushing machine defined in claim 14 that includes spring means for biasing said second crusher roll towards said first crusher roll; and means for varying the force exerted by said spring means.

16. The crushing machine defined in claim 14 that includes adjustable stop means for said yieldable crusher roll that provides means for varying the normal spacing between the peripheries of said crusher rolls.

17. A crushing machine comprising, in combination, frame means including spaced side members provided with slots, end walls and a top wall including an opening for the introduction of material to be crushed; a first shaft means mounted between said spaced side members; a first crusher roll mounted on said first shaft means; drive shaft means including a drive gear; a first idler gear in mesh with said first drive gear; an idler shaft supported by said side members; a second idler gear on said idler shaft and in mesh with said first idler gear; torque means including a right arm portion pivotally mounted on one end of said idler shaft, a left arm portion pivotally mounted on the other end of said idler shaft, and a connecting portion forming a rigid connection between outer ends of said arm portions; a second shaft means mounted on said torque means eccentric of said idler shaft and extended through said slots; a second crusher roll rotatably mounted on said second shaft means; a first crusher roll gear connected to said first crusher roll and in mesh with said first idler gear; and a second crusher roll gear connected to said second crusher roll and in mesh with said second idler gear.

18. A crushing machine comprising, in combination, frame means including spaced side members, end walls and a top wall including an opening for the introduction of material to be crushed; a first shaft means mounted between said spaced side members; a first crusher roll mounted on said first shaft means; drive shaft means including a drive gear; a first idler gear in mesh with said first drive gear; an idler shaft supported by said side members; a second idler gear on said idler shaft and in mesh :with said first idler gear; torque means including a right arm portion pivotally mounted on one end of said idler shaft, a left arm portion pivotally mounted on the other end of said idler shaft, and a connecting portion forming a rigid connection between outer ends of said arm portions; a second crusher roll rotatably mounted on said torque means eccentric of said idler shaft; a first crusher roll gear connected to said first crusher roll and in mesh with said first idler gear; a second crusher roll gear connected to said second crusher roll and in mesh with said second idler gear; a material isolation wall means spaced from one of said side members, said gears being disposed between said isolation wall means and said one side member; means forming an inner sliding seal between said second crusher roll gear and said isolation wall means; and means forming an outer sliding seal between said second crusher gear and said one side member.

References Cited 20 UNITED STATES PATENTS- 107,053 9/1870 Hunter 241232 X 266,152 10/1882 Holt 241232 798,415 8/1905 Humphrey 241232 5 2,027,782 1/1936 Lundgren 241-23O X 2 2,366,619 1/1945 Harrison 241232 X 2,704,975 3/1955 Kaplan 100--172 X ROBERT C. RIORDON, Primary Examiner.

30 D. I. KELLY, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A CRUSHING MACHINE COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION FRAME MEANS INCLUDING SPACED SIDE MEMBERS PROVIDED WITH SLOTS, A TOP MATERIAL INTAKE OPENING, AND A BOTTOM MATERIAL OUTLET OPENING: A STATIONARY CRUSHER ROLL ROTATABLY MOUNTED BETWEEN SAID SIDE MEMBERS; TORQUE MEANS INCLUDING A RIGHT ARM PORTION PIVOTALLY MOUNTED ON ONE OF SAID SIDE MEMBERS, A LEFT ARM PORTION PIVOTALLY MOUNTED ON THE OTHER OF SAID SIDE MEMBERS, AND A CONNECTING PORTION FORMING A RIGID CONNECTION BETWEEN OUTER ENDS OF SAID ARM POSITIONS; SHAFT MEANS MOUNTED BETWEEN SAID ARM PORTIONS ECCENTRIC OF SAID PIVOTAL MOUNTINGS AND EXTENDING THROUGH SAID SLOTS; A YIELDABLE CRUSHER ROLL ROTATABLY MOUNTED ON SAID SHAFT MEANS; AND MEANS FOR BIASING SAID YIELDABLE CRUSHER ROLL TOWARDS SAID STATIONARY CRUSHER ROLL. 